It also creates more space in the rear of the tank that allows increased storage capacity and a rear entrance to the main crew compartment allowing easy access under enemy fire. With the engine in front, this layout is intended to grant additional protection against a frontal attack, so as to absorb some of the force of incoming shells, especially for the personnel in the main hull, such as the driver. Following the model of contemporary self-propelled howitzers, the turret assembly is located closer to the rear than in most main battle tanks.

The Merkava was designed to provide maximum protection for its crew, and therefore its front armor was fortified and the engine placed in the front part of the tank, unlike most other tanks.ĭesign criteria include rapid repair of battle damage, survivability, cost-effectiveness, and off-road performance. The tank was developed in the Merkava and Armored Combat Vehicles Division of the Israeli Ministry of Defense, and most of its parts are manufactured in Israel. The name 'Merkava' was derived from the IDF's initial development program name. The Merkava was first used extensively in the 1982 Lebanon War. As of 2023, the Merkava mark IV is the latest version. The tank began development in 1970, and its first generation, the Merkava mark I, entered official service in 1979. The Merkava ( Hebrew: מרכבה, ( listen), ' chariot') is a series of main battle tanks used by the Israel Defense Forces and the backbone of the IDF's armored corps. Ĥ (commander, driver, gunner, and loader)Ĭlassified composite/ sloped armour modular design. Mark IV: 360 in service + 300 units being delivered. $4.5 million (Merkava IV) (2014 price for sales to other countries) $3.5 million (Merkava IV) (for delivery to the IDF) Merkava Mk 4M Windbreaker, fitted with Trophy active protection system, during Operation Protective Edge 2014.ġ982 Lebanon War, South Lebanon conflict, First Intifada, Second Intifada, 2006 Lebanon War, Gaza War, Operation Pillar of Defense, Operation Protective Edge

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